Civilization 5 mac free
Arab dynasties originating from modern-day Saudi Arabia founded the Rashidun (632–661), Umayyad (661–750), Abbasid (750–1517), and Fatimid (909–1171) caliphates, as well as numerous other dynasties in Asia, Africa, and Europe. Following his death in 632, his followers rapidly expanded the territory under Muslim rule beyond Arabia, conquering huge and unprecedented swathes of territory (from the Iberian Peninsula in the west to parts of Central and South Asia in the east) in a matter of decades. In the early 7th century, the Islamic prophet Muhammad united the population of Arabia and created a single Islamic religious polity. The world's second-largest religion, Islam, emerged in what is now Saudi Arabia. Pre-Islamic Arabia, the territory that constitutes modern-day Saudi Arabia, was the site of several ancient cultures and civilizations the prehistory of Saudi Arabia shows some of the earliest traces of human activity in the world. The country is home to Mecca and Medina, the two holiest cities in Islam. Saudi Arabia is the only country with a coastline along both the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf, and most of its terrain consists of arid desert, lowland, steppe, and mountains. The Gulf of Aqaba in the northwest, whose maximum width is 24 km (15 mi), separates Saudi Arabia from Egypt. Bahrain is an island country off the east coast. It is bordered by the Red Sea to the west, Jordan, Iraq, and Kuwait to the north, the Persian Gulf, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates to the east, Oman to the southeast, and Yemen to the south. It has a land area of about 2,150,000 km 2 (830,000 sq mi), making it the third-largest country entirely in Asia, the second-largest in the Arab world, and the largest in Western Asia. Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ( KSA), is a country on the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia.